https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=a5db01c09691ef6da94774aedb7aca037c0fcbff Cafezeiro, I., Haeusler, E.H.: Semantic interoperability via category theory. In: Conferences in Research and Practice in Information Technology, vol. 83 (2006) Abstract The paper uses categorical limit and colimit to define operations of breaking and composing ontologies, formalizing usual concepts in ontologies (alignment, merge, integration, matching) and proposing a new operation (the hide operation). 1 Introduction In addition, restrictions are stated by the use of logical axioms given in some expressive language whose model-theoretic semantics provides meaning. [Além de classes e propriedades Ontologias também tem regras mas não fala de instâncias] Category Theory is an appropriate formal framework. First of all, because of the focus that is put in relationship (categorical morphisms) and not in entities (categorical object). In agreement with (i), entities are describe...
Postagens
Aidan Hogan, Eva Blomqvist, Michael Cochez, Claudia d’Amato, Gerard de Melo, Claudio Gutierrez, Sabrina Kirrane, José Emilio Labra Gayo, Roberto Navigli, Sebastian Neumaier, Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo, Axel Polleres, Sabbir M. Rashid, Anisa Rula, Lukas Schmelzeisen, Juan Sequeda, Steffen Staab, Antoine Zimmermann (2021) Knowledge Graphs, Synthesis Lectures on Data, Semantics, and Knowledge, No. 22, 1–237, DOI: 10.2200/S01125ED1V01Y202109DSK022, Morgan & Claypool Chapter 3 - Schema, Identity, Context https://www.emse.fr/~zimmermann/KGBook/Multifile/schema-identity-context/ We refer to a knowledge graph as a data graph potentially enhanced with representations of schema, identity, context , ontologies and/or rules . These additional representations may be embedded in the data graph, or layered above . [Elementos adicionais aos vértices e arestas de um grafo de dados para formar um KG] [As dimensões contextuais podem ser identificadas na fase de Engenharia do KG após as etapas de sumar...
Machine Knowledge: Creation and Curation of Comprehensive Knowledge Bases - Leitura de Artigo (Weikum)
Gerhard Weikum, Xin Luna Dong, Simon Razniewski, Fabian M. Suchanek: Machine Knowledge: Creation and Curation of Comprehensive Knowledge Bases . Found. Trends Databases 10(2-4): 108-490 (2021) This machine knowledge can be harnessed to semantically interpret textual phrases in news, social media and web tables, and contributes to question answering, natural language processing and data analytics. Knowledge harvesting methods have enabled the automatic construction of knowledge bases (KB): collections of machine-readable facts about the real world. [objetos do mundo real mas também existem conceitos, abstratos. Fatos mas na realidade podem ser Afirmações, verdadeiras ou falas] 1.3 Application Use Cases Knowledge bases enable or enhance a wide variety of applications. Semantic Search and Question Answering: All major search engines have some form of KB as a background asset. Whenever a user’s information need centers around an entity or a specific type of entities, ...., the KB can...
Knowledge Graphs - Tracking the historical events that lead to the interweaving of data and knowledge - Leitura de Artigo
Claudio Gutierrez and Juan F. Sequeda. 2021. Knowledge graphs. Commun. ACM 64, 3 (March 2021), 96–104. https://doi.org/10.1145/3418294 ========================================================================= Data was traditionally considered a material object, tied to bits, with no semantics per se. Knowledge was traditionally conceived as the immaterial object, living only in people’s minds and language. The destinies of data and knowledge became bound together, becoming almost inseparable, by the emergence of digital computing in the mid-20th century. Knowledge Graphs can be considered the coming of age of the integration of knowledge and data at large scale with heterogeneous formats. [ KG como a junção de Dados/Bits e Conhecimento/Semântica ] ... Automation of reasoning, ... connection between theorem proving and deduction in databases by developing question answering systems. Researchers recognized the process of searching in large spaces represented a form of “intelligence” o...
Chaudhri, V. K., C. Baru, N. Chittar, X. L. Dong, M. Genesereth, J. Hendler, A. Kalyanpur, D. Lenat, J. Sequeda, D. Vrandečić, and K.Wang 2022. “ Knowledge graphs: Introduction, history, and perspectives. ” AI Magazine 43: 17–29. https://doi.org/10.1002/aaai.12033 Knowledge graphs (KGs) have emerged as a compelling abstraction for organizing the world’s structured knowledge and for integrating information extracted from multiple data sources. KNOWLEDGE GRAPH DEFINITION A KG is a directed labeled graph in which domain-specific meanings are associated with nodes and edges. [ Definição focado no COMO representar, diferente dos KBs ] There are multiple approaches for associating meanings with the nodes and edges. At the simplest level, the meanings could be stated as documentation strings expressed in a human understandable language such as English. At a computational level, the meanings can be expressed in a formal specification language such as first-order logic. An active area of curren...